Liquid
Scintillation Spectrometry 1957
Carlos G. Bell, Jr. and F. Newton Hayes, Editors
Proceedings of a Conference at
Northwestern University
August 20-22, 1957
INTRODUCTION .........................................................................................................vii
PREFACE - Banquet Speech - George T Reynolds .........................................................ix
FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES
The Basic
Processes Occurring in the Liquid Scintillator
H Kallmann and M Furst .............................................................................................3
Limits of Sensitivity of Liquid Scintillation
Counters
Robert K Swank.........................................................................................................23
INSTRUMENTATION
Instrumentation for Liquid Scintillation Counting at Los Alamos
R D Hiebert and F N Hayes.........................................................................................41
Instrumentation for Internal Sample Liquid Scintillation Counting
L
The Design of a Commercial Liquid Scintillation
Coincidence Counter
G R Utting.................................................................................................................67
Single Phototube Liquid Scintillation Counting of
C-14
W Bernstein, C Bjerknes and R Steele.........................................................................74
A Room Temperature Liquid Scintillation Counter
T
CHEMISTRY OF THE COUNTING SAMPLE (Round Table Discussion)
First Part of Round-Table on 'Chemistry of the
Counting Sample'
F N Hayes..................................................................................................................83
Round-Table on 'Homogeneous Counting Systems'
J D Davidson............................................................................................................ 88
Round-Table on 'Suspension Counting'
S Helf ...................................................................................................................... 96
Round-Table on 'Chemistry of the Counting Sample'
Scintillation Solutes
D G Ott................................................................................................................... 101
Round-Table on 'Methods of Counting Acids and other
Substances
by Liquid Scintillation'
N
Round-Table on 'Improvement of Liquid Scintillator
Response'
H H Seliger............................................................................................................. 115
Round-Table on 'Preparation of the Alkaline Absorbent for Radioactive CO2 in
Liquid Scintillation
Counting'
F Eisenberg, Jr. ...................................................................................................... 123
GENERAL APPLICATIONS
Archaeology and Chemistry
J R
Application of Liquid Scintillation Counting to Biology and Medicine
W H Langham........................................................................................................ 135
Liquid Scintillation Counters and Their Applications to Physics
F B
Some Engineering Applications of Liquid Scintillation
Counting
C G
Liquid Scintillation Counting in Industrial Research
V P Guinn ............................................................................................................. 166
SPECIFIC APPLICATlONS
Radioassay of Low Specific Activity Tritiated Water
by
Improved Liquid Scintillation Techniques
C A Zeigler, D J Chleck and J
Brinkerhoff ................................................................. 185
Simultaneous Use of H-3 and C-14 Compounds to Study
Cholesterol Metabolism
J J Kabara, G T Okita and G V LeRoy ....................................................................... 191
Liquid Scintillation Counting of Some Sulfur-35
Labeled Organic Compounds
Chin-Tzu Peng ....................................................................................................... 198
Liquid Scintillation Counting of the Isotope Fe-55
R J Dern ................................................................................................................ 205
The Los Alamos Human Counter
E C
Low Level Tritium Counting Techniques
B
A Liquid Scintillation Method for Measurement of
Radioactivity
in Animal Tissue and Tissue Fractions
D
The Preparation of Tritiated Proteins by the Wilzbach
Method and a Simple Method for
Liquid Scintillation
Counting of Radioactive Proteins
D Steinberg, M Vaughan, C B Anfinsen, J
D Gorry and J. Logan ................................ 230
Concentration Quenching of Liquid Scintillators
M Furst and H Kallmann .........................................................................................237
Giant Liquid Scintillation Detectors and Their
Applications
F Reines ................................................................................................................ 246
DEVELOPMENTS IN FOREIGN LABORATORIES
On a New Method for Introducing Natural C-14 in a
Liquid Scintillator
C Leger, G Delibrias, L Pichat and C
Baret ............................................................... 261
Scintillation Counters with Pulse Shape Selection to
Distinguish
Neutrons from Gamma-Rays
F D Brooks ............................................................................................................ 268
Comparison Between Energy Transfer in Liquid and
Plastic Solutions
A Weinreb and P Avivi ............................................................................................ 270
A Comparison Between Large Volume Liquid and Plastic
Scintillators
P R J Burch and P M Bird ........................................................................................ 274
Liquid Scintillation Counting Method of Natural
Tritium and its
Applications to Hydrology and Meteorology
I Dostrovsky, P Avinur and A Nir ............................................................................ 283
Liquid Scintillation Counting of Low Energy
Beta-Emitters
B N Audric.............................................................................................................. 288