TABLE OF CONTENTS
Liquid
Scintillation Counting:
Recent Applications and Development
Volume 1: Physical Aspects
Chin-Tzu Peng, Donald L. Horrocks and Edward L. Alpen,
Editors
Proceedings of the International
Conference on Liquid Scintillation Counting
University of
CONTENTS OF VOLUME 2 ............................................................................................ ix
CONTRIBUTORS FOR VOLUMES 1 AND 2 ..................................................................... xiii
PREFACE ................................................................................................................... xix
GENERAL HISTORY
Some History of Liquid Scintillation Development
at Los Alamos
D G Ott ....................................................................................................................... 1
A Tribute to
Professor John B Birks
D L Horrocks ............................................................................................................. 11
SCINTILLATION PHYSICS AND SCINTILLATORS
Formation of Excited States by the Pulse Radiolysis of Liquid Systems
J K Thomas
and G Beck ............................................................................................. 17
The Development of Fast Liquid Scintillators for
Fiber Optic Applications
P B Lyons, L
A Franks and S Lutz ................................................................................ 29
Several High
Yield Fluorescent Compounds That Are Liquid at Room Temperature
S Gershuni, M Rabinovitz, I Agranat
and I B Berlman .................................................. 43
Novel Primary
Solutes for Liquid Scintillation Counting
H Gusten and
New
Scintillation Cocktails in Response to Present and Future Trends in
Liquid Scintillation Counting
J I Nibeck, S
L Bares and E S Williams ......................................................................... 59
A Liquid Organic
Scintillator System for Measuring Neutron and Gamma-Ray Spectra
T A Stupar, H
R Elson, J G Kereiakes and A Shapiro ...................................................... 73
An Investigation of Fluorine-18 Positron Spectra
in Liquid Scintillation Counting
L I Weibe, S
A McQuarrie and C Ediss .......................................................................... 81
Liquid
Scintillation Counting from Gross Counts to Spectral Analysis
J G Ring, D C
Nguyen and L J
Pulse Shape
Liquid Scintillation Counting for Beta, Gamma,
or Beta-Gamma Counting
J
The Application of Spectral Analysis in Liquid
Scintillation Counting
L J
Application of an Inexpensive, Efficient Liquid Scintillator in
the Development of
Large Volume Rectangular Detectors
Suitable for Use in Clinical Whole-Body
Counters
T Smith .................................................................................................................. 129
The Use of
Liquid Scintiliation Counting Techniques for Decay Parameter
Studies of Radionuclides Decaying via Low Energy Isomeric
Transitions
R Vaninbroukx ........................................................................................................ 143
QUENCHING
Modern
Techniques for Measuring the Quenching Correction
in a Liquid Scintillation Counter: A Critical Review
J A B Gibson ............................................................................................................ 153
Effects of
Impurity and Color Quenching Upon the Liquid Scintillation
Pulse Height
Distributions
D L Horrocks ........................................................................................................... 173
The Use of Optimum
Window Settings in Liquid Scintillation Counting
A Kolb ...................................................................................................................... 187
Effects of
Quench on the Pulse Height Distribution for H-3 –
Containing Samples – High Quench Levels
D L Horrocks ........................................................................................................... 199
Volume,
Background, and Detection Efficiency Variations in the Liquid
Scintillation
Assay of Some Radionuclides in Aqueous Solutions
T K Bell ................................................................................................................... 211
Limits of Beta
Counting Due to Sample Sorption and Procedures
for Exclusion of the Counting Rate Instability
R Tykva .................................................................................................................. 225
RADIOACTIVITY STANDARDS
Radioactivity
Standardization for and by Liquid Scintillation Counting
W B Mann ............................................................................................................... 235
ANSI Standards for
LS Counters
R Ferris ................................................................................................................... 241
Commercially Available
Liquid Scintillation Standards
C-T Peng ................................................................................................................. 249
ADVANCES IN INSTRUMENTATION
An Appraisal of
Liquid Scintillation Science and Technology, 1964-1979
P E
A New Approach
to Automatic Photomultiplier Stabilization
for Photon and Scintillation
Counters
F Berthold ................................................................................................................ 273
A Multichannel
Analyzer Interface for a Beckman 9000 Liquid Scintillation Counter
C Ediss ..................................................................................................................... 281
Observations of
the Performance of ESP and H# in Liquid Scintillation Counting
S A
McQuarrie, L I Weibe and C Ediss ........................................................................ 291
Experience with
a Modern Microprocessor Controlled Liquid Scintillation Counter
B E Gordon
and W R Erwin ........................................................................................ 301
ALPHA COUNTING
Alpha Liquid Scintillation
Counting: Past, Present, and Future
W J McDowell .......................................................................................................... 315
Application of
the Combined Solvent Extraction-High Resolution Liquid Scintillation
Method to the Determination of Th-230 and U-234-238
in Phosphatic Materials
W J McDowell,
E J Bouwer, J
Liquid
Scintillation Analyses for Radium-226 and Radon-222 in Potable Waters
H M
CERENKOV COUNTING
The Origin of
Cerenkov Radiation
C R Gruhn and
W Ogle .............................................................................................. 357
Recent
Applications of Cerenkov Radiation
H H Ross .................................................................................................................. 375
Improved
Cerenkov Radiation Counting Efficiency of Phosphorus-32
P N P Chow .............................................................................................................. 387
Investigation of
Cerenkov Counting of Environmental Strontium-90
S A Reynolds
and J
SPECIAL DISCUSSION
Disposal of
Liquid Scintillation Wastes
D L
INDEX .................................................................................................................... 411