TABLE OF CONTENTS
Liquid Scintillation Counting and Organic
Scintillators
Harley H. Ross, J. E. Noakes, Franz
Schönhofer, H.A. Polach, Editors
Proceedings of the
International Conference on
New Trends in Liquid Scintillation Counting and Organic Scintillators
Gatlinburg,
CONFERENCE PAPERS
PMP, a Novel Scintillation Solute with a Large
Stokes' Shift
Hans Güsten and Jeffrey Mirsky .................................................................................... 1
Scintillation Counting of Harvested Biological Samples
with
Low-Energy Beta Emitters, Using Solid Scintillant
Filters
C G Potter and G T Warner ......................................................................................... 9
DI-ISOPROPYLNAPHTHALENE – A New Solvent for Liquid Scintillation
Counting
J Thomson ................................................................................................................. 19
Safe Scintillation Chemicals for High Efficiency,
High Throughput Counting
Kenneth E Neumaann, Norbert Roessler,
Ph.D. and Jan ter Wiel ................................... 35
New Organic Scintillators
Stephen W Wunderly and Joel M Kauffman ................................................................. 43
Advances in Scintillation Cocktails
Jan ter Wiel and Theo Hegge........................................................................................ 51
Solidifying Scintillator for Solid Support Samples
Haruo Fujii, Ph.D. and Norbert Roessler,
Ph.D. ............................................................ 69
New Red-Emitting Liquid Scintillators with Decay
Times Near One Nanosecond
J M Flournoy and C B Ashford ..................................................................................... 83
New Developments in X-Ray Sensitive Liquid
Scintillators at EGG/EM
C B Ashford, J M Flournoy, S S Lutz and
I B Berlman ................................................... 93
Liquid Scintillation Alpha Spectrometry: A Method for
Today and Tomorrow
W Jack McDowell and Betty L McDowell .................................................................... 105
Application of High Purity Synthetic Quartz Vials to
Liquid Scintillation
Low-Level C-14 Counting of Benzene
A Hogg, H Polach, S Robertson and J
Noakes ............................................................ 123
An Introduction to Flat-Bed LSC: The Betaplate
Counter
G T Warner, C G Potter and T Yrjonen ...................................................................... 133
A Plastic Scintillation Detector with Internal Sample
Counting and
Its Applications to Measuring H-3-Labeled
Cultured Cells
Shou-li Yang, Ming Hu, Jia-chang Yue,
Xiu-ming Wang,
Xu Yue, Jie Li, Zi-ang Pan and Zhong-hou Liu ........................................................... 143
A New, Rapid Analysis Technique for Quantitation of
Radioactive
Samples Isolated on a Solid
Support
Michael J Kessler, Ph.D. ............................................................................................. 155
Dynodic Efficiency of Beta Emitters
F Ortiz, A Grau and J M Los Arcos ............................................................................. 167
Solid Scintillation Counting: A New Technique - Theory
and Applications
Stephen W Wunderly and Graham J
Threadgill .......................................................... 185
Photon Scattering Effects in Heterogeneous
Scintillator Systems
Harley H Ross .......................................................................................................... 195
Some Factors Affecting Alpha Particle Detection in
Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry
Lauri Kaihola and Timo Oikari ................................................................................... 211
Modern Techniques for Quench Correction and dpm
Determination
in Windowless Liquid Scintillation Counting: A
Critical Review
Staf van Cauter and Norbert Roessler,
Ph.D. .............................................................. 219
Multilabel Counting Using Digital Overlay Technique
Heikki Kouru and Kenneth Rundt ............................................................................. 239
A New Quench Curve Fitting Procedure: Fine Tuning of
a Spectrum Library
Heikki Kouru ........................................................................................................... 247
The Effect on Quench Curve Shape of the Solvent and
Quencher in a Liquid Scintillation Counter
Kenneth Rundt ....................................................................................................... 257
Ga-67 Double Spectral Index Plots and Their
Applications to Quench
Correction of Mixed Quench Samples in Liquid
Scintillation Counting
Shou-li Yang, Itsuo Yamamoto, Satoko
Yamamura,Junji Konishi,
Ming Hu and Kanji Torizuka ..................................................................................... 269
Modem Applications in Liquid Scintillation Counting
Yutaka Kobayashi ................................................................................................... 289
A New Procedure for Multiple Isotope Analysis in
Liquid Scintillation Counting
A. Grau Caries and A. Grau Malonda ........................................................................ 295
On the Standardization of Beta-Gamma-Emitting
Nuclides
by Liquid Scintillation Counting
E Garcia-Torano, M T Martin Casalio, L
Rodriguez, A Grau and J M Los Arcos ............... 307
The Standardization of 355 Methionine by Liquid
Scintillation
Efficiency Tracing with H-3
J M Calhoun, B M Coursey, D Gray and L
Karam ....................................................... 317
A Review and Experimental Evaluation of Commercial
Radiocarbon
Dating Software
S De Filippis and J
Efficiency Extrapolation Adapted to Liquid
Scintillation Counters
Charles L Dodson ..................................................................................................... 335
Applications of Quench Monitoring Using Transformed
External
Standard Spectrum (tSIE)
Michael J Kessler, Ph. D. ............................................................................................ 343
Scintillation Proximity Assay: Instrumentation
Requirements and Performance
Kenneth E. Neumann and Staf van Cauter ............................................................... 365
The LSC Approach to Radon Counting in Air and Water
Charles J Passo, Jr. and James M
Floeckher ............................................................... 375
Liquid Scintillation Screening Method for Isotopic
Uranium in Drinking Water
Howard M Prichard and Anamaria Cox ...................................................................... 385
Assessment and Assurance of the Quality in the
Determination
of Low Contents of Tritium in Ground Water
C. Vestergaard and Chr. Ursin ................................................................................... 399
Use of Liquid Scintillation in the Appraisal of
Non-Radioactive
Waste Shipments from Nuclear Facilities
William L McDowell .................................................................................................. 407
Development of Aqueous Tritium Effluent Monitor
K J
Hofstetter .......................................................................................................... 421
Rapid Determination of Pu Content on Filters and
Smears
Using Alpha Liquid Scintillation
P G Shaw ................................................................................................................ 435
Vagaries of Wipe Testing Data
Jill Eveloff, Howard Tisdale and Ara
Tahmassian ........................................................ 457
The Determination of Th-234 in Water Column Studies
by Liquid Scintillation Counting
R Anderson, G T Cook, A B Mackenzie and
D D Harkness ........................................... 461
Performance of Small Quartz Vials in a Low-Level,High
Resolution
Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer
Robert M Kalin, James M Devine and
The Optimization of Scintillation Counters Employing
Burst Counting Circuitry
G T Cook, R Anderson, D D Harkness and P
Naysmith ................................................ 481
Statistical Considerations of Very Low Background
Count Rates in Liquid
Scintillation Spectrometry with
Applications to Radiocarbon Dating
Robert M Kalin, Larry Wright, James M
Devine and
Liquid Scintillation Counting Performance Using Glass
Vials in the Wallac 1220 Quantalus™
Lauri Kaihola ........................................................................................................... 495
Time Resolved-Liquid Scintillation Counting
Norbert Roessler, Robert J Valenta and
Staf van Canter ............................................. 501
Comparison of Various Anticoincident Shields in
Liquid Scintillation Counters
Jiang Han-ying, Lu Shao-wan, Zhang
Ting-kui, Zhang Wen-xin
and Wang Shu-xian ................................................................................................. 513
The Effect of Altitude on the Background of Low-Level
Liquid Scintillation Counter
Jiang Han-ying and Lu Shao-wan ............................................................................. 521
Calculational Method for the Resolution of Sr-90 and Sr-89
from Cerenkov and Liquid Scintillation
Counting
Thomas L Rucker ..................................................................................................... 529
Determination of Rn-222 and Ra-226 in Drinking Water
by Low-Level
Liquid Scintillation Counting – Surveys in
Austria and Arizona
Franz Schönhofer, J Matthew Barnet and
John McKlveen .......................................... 537
A New Simplified Determination Method for
Environmental Sr-90
by Ultra Low-Level Liquid Scintillation
Counting
Franz Schönhofer, Manfred Friedrich and
Karl Buchtela .............................................. 547
Mixed Waste - A Review from a Generator's Perspective
John Hsu and Jeanne K Krieger ................................................................................. 557
Disposal of Scintillation Cocktails
John W McCormick ................................................................................................... 561
Liquid Scintillation Waste
Ara Tahmassian, Jill Eveloff and Howard
Tisdale ......................................................... 573
Liquid Scintillation Counting of Radon and its
Daughters
Daniel Perlman ........................................................................................................ 577
History and Present Status of Liquid Scintillation
Counting in China
Shou-li Yang ............................................................................................................ 583
LSC Standardization of P-32 in Inorganic and Organic
Samples
by the Efficiency Tracing Method
L Rodríguez, J M Los Arcos and A Grau ...................................................................... 593
LSC Standardization of Multigamma Electron-Capture
Radionuclides
by the Efficiency Tracing Method
J M Los Arcos, A Grau and E
Garcia-Torano ................................................................ 611
ANSI Standards for Liquid Scintillation Counting
Yutaka Kobayashi .................................................................................................... 623
A General Method for Determining Sample Efficiencies in
Liquid Scintillation Counting
Willard G Winn ......................................................................................................... 629
Absolute Activity Liquid Scintillation Counting: An
Attractive Alternative to
Quench-Corrected dpm for
Higher Energy Isotopes
Michael J Kessler, Ph.D. ............................................................................................. 647
Chemical and Color Quench Curves Over Extended Quench
Ranges
Charles Dodson ........................................................................................................ 655
The Characteristics of the CH Number Method in Liquid
Scintillation Counting
Wu Xue Zhou .......................................................................................................... 665
Low-Level Scintillation Counting with a LKB Quantulus
Counter
Establishing Optimal Parameter
Settings
Herbert Haas and Veronica Trigg ............................................................................... 669
Quench Correction of Colored Samples in LSC
Kenneth Rundt, Timo Oikari and
Heikki Kouru .......................................................... 677
Low-Level Liquid Scintillation Counting Workshop
Gordon Cook and Henry Polach ................................................................................. 691
LIST OF ATTENDEES ............................................................................................... 695
INDEX ..................................................................................................................... 705