TABLE OF CONTENTS

Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry 2005
Stanislaw Chalupnik, Franz Schönhofer, John E. Noakes, Editors

Proceedings of the International Conference on
Advances in Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry
Katowice, Poland, October 17-21, 2005

PREFACE ..............................................................................................................v

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...........................................................................................vii

CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS ..................................................................................ix

INSTRUMENTATION, METHODS, AND SCINTILLATORS

The EU Drinking Water Directive, the Austrian Standard, and an Ultra Low-Level
Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry Approach for Assuring Compliance
Franz Schönhofer and Franz-Josef Maringer ..............................................................1

Optimization of Counting Conditions for Cerenkov Radiation by LSC
Jerzy W Mietelski, Pawel Gaca and Joanna Bielec ......................................................13

Optimization of the Channel Ratio Method for Color Quenching
Correction for Measurement of Sr-90 via Cerenkov Counting
F Mosqueda, F Vaca, M Villa and G Manjón ..............................................................19

Optimization of the Reflector Design in a Liquid Scintillation
Counter with One Photodetector
M Teresa Durán Ramiro and Eduardo García-Torano .................................................31

Simultaneous Determination of Alpha and Beta Emitters by
Liquid Scintillation Counting
E Lara-Robustillo and M Rodríguez Alcala ................................................................41

Gamma Emission Monitoring Capabilities of Quantulus
Lauri Kaihola .......................................................................................................51

Peculiarities of Using Isotopic Dilution in LS Spectrometry
A I Ermakov, S V Malinovsky, I A Kashirin, V A Tikhomirov and A I Sobolev.................59

Application of Liquid-Liquid Extraction and RadSpectraDec Software
in LS Alpha Spectrometry
I A Kashirin, A I Ermakov, S V Malinovsky, V Y Zubov,
V A Tikhomirov and A I Sobolev .............................................................................69

Processing of Complex Alpha Spectra Measured Using LSC,
PIPS, and other Spectrometers
S V Malinovsky, V Y Zubov, A I Ermakov, I A Kashirin,
V A Tihomirov and A I Sobolev ..............................................................................79

Rapid Analysis of Radionuc1ide Composition (Screening) of Liquid Samples via
Deconvolution of their LS Spectra
A I Ermakov, S V Malinovsky, I A Kashirin, V A Tikhomirov and A I Sobolev ................89

Determining Fundamental Parameters of a Single-Phototube
Liquid Scintillation Counter
Pall Theodórsson .................................................................................................99

Number of Cathode Electrons Per Absorbed Energy in Liquid Scintillation
Counters, Derived from Resolution of Radon Spectra
P Theodórsson and G Jonsson .............................................................................109

A Portable, Single-Phototube Liquid Scintillation System
with Automatic Sample Changing.
P Theodórsson, K Sigurdsson and G Jonsson .........................................................115

Auto-Radon: A New Automatic Liquid Scintillation System
for Monitoring Radon in Water and Air
G Jonsson, P Theodórsson and K Sigurdsson .........................................................119

Measurement of Photon Absorption Coefficients of Liquid Scintillators in
the 5- to l2-keV Energy Range Using a Monochromatic X-ray Source
P Cassette, I Tartes, F Maguet, J Plagnard, M C Lépy and F Jaubert ..........................125

NATURAL RADIONUCLIDES

Alpha Spillover Depends on Alpha Energy: A New Finding in Alpha/Beta
Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry
Laina Salonen.....................................................................................................135

Fast Survey for Key Nuclides and Group Parameters in Drinking Water
S Möbius, H Rakotomanga, D C Lauria and L Zafimanjato  .......................................149

Method for Pb-210 Measurement in Air Based on LSC
Michael Buzinny and Yurij Soroka .........................................................................157

Comparison of LSC and Alpha Spectrometry Methods Applied
to Environmental Samples
M Galán-López, A Martin-Sánchez, Z Tosheva and A Kies .........................................165

Application of Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry for Radon
and Radon Progeny Measurements in Air
Stanislaw Chalupnik ............................................................................................171

Rapid Method for Determining Natural Radionuclides in Drinking Water
Claudia Landstetter and Christian Katzlberger ........................................................181

Comparison of Determining Ra-228 via LSC and Gamma
Spectrometry in Mineral Waters
Marta Vrsková, Jana Meresová, Alena Belanová and Martina Ferenceiová ...................191

Measurement of Po-210 and Pb-210 in Groundwater using an
Alpha Liquid Scintillation Counter
K A Aleissa, M S Islam and H Alshammari .............................................................197

Comparison of Different Methods for Pb-210 Determination
in Environmental Samples
D C Lauria, L L Carvalho and C C Conti...................................................................211

Direct Pb-210 Determination in Environmental Samples by Liquid Scintillation
Counting and its Validation Through Gamma-Ray Spectrometry
M Villa, S Hurtado , G Manjón, R Garda-Tenorio and M García-León ..........................217

Difficulties with Ra-228 Determination from the Low-Energy Beta
Spectrum Component in Water Samples via LSC
A Walencik and B Kozlowska ...............................................................................229

ARTIFICIAL RADIONUCLIDES

Precise Determination of Sr-89 and Sr-90/Y-90 in Various Matrices:
The LSC 3-Window Approach
J Eikenberg,H Beer,M Rilthi, I Zumsteg and A Vetter...............................................237

Extraction Chromatography and Liquid Scintillation Counting
for the Analysis of Long-Lived Radionuclides
N Vajda, Zs Molnár and Sz Osváth .......................................................................251

A Comparison of Analytical Methods for the Certification of Biobased Products
John Noakes, Glenn Norton, Randolph Culp, Mohit Nigam and Doug Dvoracek ..........259

Determination of I-129 Using Liquid Scintillation Counting
Y J Kim, C S Kim, S H Kang, J W Row, D M Lee and C K Kim ...................................273

Study of Quenching Effects When Measuring Soft Beta-Emitters in
Environmental Samples by LSC and its Application to Determine Pu-241
M Villa, I Vioque, M C Jiménez-Ramos, G Manjón and R García-Tenorio ....................277

Intercomparison Study on Pu-241 Determination in Sequentially
Extracted Fractions of Transuranics in Samples Arising
from Decommissioning Activities
A Komosa, C Gascó, A Alvarez, N Navarro, M P Antón, J Orzel and S Michalik ............285

LSC-Based Approach for Water-Analyses Around the Chemobyl NPP
Michael Buzinny, Nikolay Panasjuk and Nikolay Tsygankov ......................................297

Sr-90, Cs-l37, and Pu Isotopes in Moss and Bilberry Leaves
from the Tatra Mountains
Pawel Gaca, Ewa Tomankiewicz, Jerzy W Mietelski, Barbara Kubica,
Sylwia Blaiej, Marcin Stobiński and Maria Tuteja-Krysa ...........................................305

Determination of Ni-63 in Low-Level Liquid Radioactive Waste
A Nikiforova, I Taskaeva,R Kukewa and B Slavchev ................................................311

Application of the Eichrom-LSC Method for Determining Sr-90
in Finnish Lake Waters
Ritva Saxén ......................................................................................................323

TRITIUM AND RADIOCARBON

Results of Tritium Monitoring in the Environment of the
Maisiagala Radioactive Waste Repository
A Gudelis, L Juodis, M Konstantinova, V Remeikis, D Baltrunas and D Butkus ...........331

Application of LSC for the Determination of Some Radionuclides
in Waste Matrices from the Ignalina NPP
A Gudelis, B Luksiene, R Druteikiene, R Gvozdaite andV Kubareviciene ....................343

Applying the Liquid Scintillation Spectrometric Method for
Monitoring Tritium in Groundwater
Daina Riekstina, Olgerts Veveris, Anita Skujina and Antra Zalkalne .........................355

Background Contribution in Liquid Scintillation Counting for Determination
of Organic Bound Tritium (OBT) in Urine Samples
Rafi Gonen; Uzi German, Rachel Marco, Omer Pelled, Esther Katorza,
Abraham Tshuva, Eitan Borojowich and Zeey B Alfassi ...........................................359

Overview of the Environmental Monitoring Program for
Tritium in Spanish River Waters
Ll Pujol, M Fé Diaz and J Payeras .........................................................................369

Variation of Counting Efficiency of Tritium in LSC Cocktails with
Different Components and Evaluation of Theoretical Calculation of
Time Transfer of Cocktails
Jean Aupiais, Anne-Claire Pottin and Elodie Atinault ...............................................383

Easy and Rapid Estimation of Environmental Tritium with Eichrom Column
and LSC Measurement
Z Tosheva, A Kies, P Letissier and M Langer...........................................................395

Retrieval Estimation of the Gaseous C-14 Discharge Rate Using C-14 and 3H
Concentrations in Pine Tree Rings in the Vicinity of Wolsung Nuclear Power Plant
Do-Sung Kim, Yong-Zhe Zheng, Wan Kim, Hwan Bae Park, Hee-Dong Kang,
Sih-Hong Doh and Chang-Kyu Kim ........................................................................401

Refining the CO2 Absorption Method for Low-Level C-14 Liquid
Scintillation Counting in the ATOMKI
M Molnár, S Nagy, E Svingor and I Svetlik .............................................................407

Determination of C-14 Grab Samples of Stack Air from Nuclear Power Plants
Ivo Sviftlfk, Petr Rulik, Václav Michálek, Lenka Tomáskova and Jirí Mizera .................417

Optimization of C-14 Concentration Measurement in Aqueous Samples
Using the Direct Absorption Method and LSC
Carmen Varlam, loan Stefanescu, Mihai Varlam, Cristina Bucur,
Irina Popescu and lonut Faurescu..........................................................................423

C-14 Age Corrections Based on Isotope Fractionations for Beachrock
Samples from the Nansei Islands, SW Japan
Kunio Omoto ......................................................................................................429

Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry at Gran Sasso National Laboratory:
Radiocarbon Measurements
Wolfango Plastino and Lauri Kaihola ......................................................................435

Light Yields and Pulse-Height Spectra of High-Purity Teflon Vials
for Accurate C-14 Measurement in Old Tree Rings
W Kato, H Sakurai, K Suzuki, Y Takahashi, T Gandou,
N Agatsuma, S Gunji and F Tokanai .....................................................................439

AUTHOR INDEX .................................................................................................447