TABLE OF CONTENTS
Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry 2008
Jost Eikenberg, Maya Jäggi, Heide Beer, Heinrich Baehrle, Editors
The International Conference on
Advances in Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry
Davos, Switzerland, May 25-30, 2008
PREFACE............................................................................................................v
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................................................................................vii
CONFERENCE PARTICIPANTS ..............................................................................ix
INSTRUMENTATION, METHODS, AND SCINTILLATORS
Combined LSC Based Method for Radon in Air Measurements
Michael Buzinny ...................................................................................................1
LSC Based Approach for Radon in Soil Gas Measurement
Michael Buzinny ...................................................................................................7
Novel 1,8 Naphthalimides for Fast Neutron/Gamma Discrimination in
Liquid Scintillators
Matthieu Hamel, Stephane Normand, Anne-Marie Frelin, Vesna Simic .......................13
Identification of Beta Nuclides Measured by Using Plastic Scintillator
and Liquid Scintillation Counter
Etsuko Furuta, Shigeaki Yokota, Yasuo Watanabe ....................................................19
Goldisol - A New Toluene-Free and Methanol-Free Solubilizer
Simon Temple, Shaun Smyth, James Thomson .......................................................27
Method for Fe-55 and Ni-63 Determination by LSC in Radioactive Waste
Maya Jäggi, M Rüthi, Jost Eikenberg ......................................................................31
Urine Gross Alpha/Beta Analysis by Liquid Scintillation Counting for
Terrorism Preparedness
Olga Piraner, Robert L Jones .................................................................................41
Prosafe - The Next Generation of LSC Cocktails Formulated to be
Nonyl Phenol Ethoxlate-Freey
James Thomson, Shaun Smyth, Simon Temple .......................................................47
Applications of Calcium Carrier to Avoid Losses of Sr-90 during the
Chemical Preparation of Liquid Samples for Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry
Izabela Chmielewska, Stanislaw Chalupnik, Edit Bokori ............................................53
RADIONUCLIDE METROLOGY AND ALPHA/BETA SPECTROMETRY
Study of Instrumental Parameters Affecting the Simultaneous Measurement
of
Gross Alpha and Gross Beta Activities in Water Samples
D Zapata-García, M Llauradό ................................................................................59
Determination of Natural Radionuclides in Water from Slovakia Using LSC
Alena Belanová, Jana Merešová, Marta Vršková .......................................................71
On the Standardization of Pb-210 and Po-209
R Collé, L Laureano-Perez ....................................................................................77
Study of Light Emission Processes for the Design of Liquid Scintillation Counters
Ole Nähle, Karsten Kossert, Jens Brunzendorf .........................................................87
Improved Techniques for the Activity Standardization of Cd-109 by
Means of
Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry
Karsten Kossert, O Ott, Ole Nähle ..........................................................................97
Interference from Pb-210 and Its Progenies in Calibrating Direct LSC Method
for Rn-222 in Drinking Water
Laina Salonen ....................................................................................................109
Cerenkov Counting of Carbon-14 Using a Transparent Ceramic with High
Refractive Index
H Minowa, Y Yoshizawa, M Takiue ........................................................................119
Natural
Radionuclides in Mineral Waters Sold in Upper Silesia, Poland
their Measurement
by LSC, Doses and Compliance with Regulations
Franz Schönhofer, Stanislaw Chalupnik, Gabriele Wallner, Izabela Chmielewska ........125
Performance of Two-Phase and Homogeneous Sample Compositions in
Measuring Rn-222 in Drinking Water
Laina Salonen ..................................................................................................133
Low-Level Measurement of Ra-226 via Rn-222 in Natural Water by LSC
F Mosqueda, M Villa, J M Pates, F Vaca, E Borrego .................................................145
CALIBRATION, DATA ANALYSIS, AND QUALITY ASSURANCE
Monte Carlo Simulation of a Liquid Scintillation Counter Using Geant4 Code
S Hurtado, M Villa, G Manjόn, R García-Tenorio .....................................................155
Study on a Quenching Effect on C-14 and H-3 Measurement Parameters
Using a Quantulus Spectrometer
A Komosa, K Šlepecka ........................................................................................161
Standardization of S-35 by the TDCR Efficiency Calculation Technique
Winifred M Van Wyngaardt, Bruce R S Simpson .....................................................173
Effect on Sr-90 Determination Resulting from a Possible Overestimation of the
External Standard Quench Parameter on Quantalus 1220
Etienne Minne, Fabienne Heynen, Cécile Deporte, Serge Hallez ................................183
Simultaneous Determination of Beta Nuclides by Liquid Scintillation Spectrometry
Cordula Nebelung, Peggy Jähnigen, Gert Bernhard .................................................193
Application of Chemometrics for Simultaneous Determination of Thorium and
Uranium in Aqueous Samples by Liquid Scintillation
M Khayatzadeh Mahani, A R Khanchi, M Ghannadi Maragheh,
M Chaloosi, B Salimi, F Asgharizadeh ...................................................................203
Long-Term Stability of a Quantulus LS Counter
Stanislaw Chalupnik, Antoni Mielnikow .................................................................211
Uncertainty Budget in Radiocarbon Measurements in the Case of LSC Method
Stanislaw Chalupnik, Antoni Mielnikow .................................................................219
Assessment and Interpretation of a Round-Robin Exercise for Organically
Bound Tritium Determination
N Baglan, E Ansoborlo, C Cossonnet, L Fouhal, E Fourré, A Henry, S B Kim,
M Mokili, A Olivier, G Granier ...............................................................................229
Establishment of a Low-Level Tritium Laboratory
Jasmina Kožar Logar, D Glavič-Cindro ...................................................................241
Liquid
Scintillation Counting International - A New Online Resource
John E Noakes ..................................................................................................251
Ultra-Stable Single-Phototube Liquid
Scintillation System for Radiocarbon Dating
Pall Theodórsson, G I Gudjónsson .......................................................................253
The Use of Liquid Scintillation Counting Technology for the Determination
of
Biogenic Materials
Ronald Edler .....................................................................................................261
Evaluation of Biobased Content ASTM Method 6866-06a: Improvements
Revealed
by Liquid Scintillation Counting, Accelerator Mass Spectrometry,
and Stable
Isotopes for Products Containing Inorganic Carbon
Randy Culp, John E Noakes ................................................................................269
APPLICATIONS IN ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND GEOLOGY
An Oxidizer/LSC Method for the Determination of Cu-14 in Foodstuff Samples
Ritva Saxén, Ulla-Maija Hanste ............................................................................279
Liquid Scintillation Methods for NORM in Madagascar
T L Möbius-Ramamonjisoa, Raoelina Andriambololona ............................................287
Optimizing the Counting Conditions for Carbon-14 for the Sample Oxidizer-Liquid Scintillation Counter Method
Vesa-Pekka Vartti ...............................................................................................293
Determination of Sr-90 Concentration Using a Sr-Resin and the LSC Method
from Soil and Sediment Samples in Southern Shores of Iran
F Asgharizadeh, B Salimi, M Ghannadi Maragheh,
M Khayatzadeh Mahani, M Aliabadi .......................................................................299
Quick Determination of Pb-210 in Drinking and Waste Waters
Maurizio Forte, Rosella Rusconi, Stefania Costantino, Maria Teresa Cazzaniga,
Giuseppe Sgorbati .............................................................................................305
Determination of Sr-90 in Milk in Austria
Claudia Landstetter, Nina Cernohlawek, Christian Katzlberger ..................................313
Study on Migration Rate of Beta-Radiating Pu-241 in Soils Using Liquid
Scintillation Spectrometry
A Komosa, M Piekarz ..........................................................................................321
Application of the Liquid Scintillation Counting Technique to Determination of
Sr-90 in Milk Samples
Irene Lopes, Maria José Madruga ..........................................................................331
Radiocarbon Measurements in Romanian Danube River Water
Ionut Faurescu, Carmen Varlam, Ioan Stefanescu,
Irina Vagner, Denisa Faurescu ..............................................................................339
Determination of Natural Radionuclides in Drinking Water from the
Waldviertel, Austria
Gabriele Wallner, Esther Herincs, Shahram Ayromlou ............................................345
Determination of Tritium in Waters by Liquid Scintillation Counting
Maria José Madruga, M Manuela Sequeira and A Rita Gomes . ................................353
A Study of the Simple Open-Vial Liquid Scintillation Method for
Measurement of Radon in Air
G I Gudjónsson, P Theodórsson, K Sigurdsson,
Krzysztof Kozak, Dominick Grzadziel .....................................................................361
Isolation and Measurement of Strontium-90 and Lead-210 in Environmental
Samples Using a Strontium-Specific Resin and Liquid Scintillation Counting
Gabriela Wallova, Gabriele Wallner ........................................................................367
Radiochemical Separation and Determination of Ra-228 in Mineral Waters
by Low-Level Liquid Scintillation Counting
M Vasile, T Altzitzoglou, L Benedik, Y Spasova, U Watjen .......................................375
Natural Radioactive Elements and Chemical Composition of Some Mineral
Waters of Poland (Polish Carpathians, Carpathian Foredeep)
N D Chau, L Rajchel, J Nowak ...............................................................................381
Tritium Concentrations in Waters of Ljubljansko Barje, Slovenia
Jasmina Kožar Logar, Janko Urbanc, Brigita Jamnik ................................................391
Novel LS Methods for Natural Radionuclides in the Oil and Gas Industry
Rolf Möbius, Martin Bartenbach, Siegurd Möbius ....................................................397
RADIONUCLIDES IN NUCLEAR MATERIALS AND DECOMMISSIONING STUDIES
Use of Non-Destructive and Destructive Analyses for Radionuclide
Determination from the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant Drainage System
A Gudelis, K Krivošein, R Gvozdaitė, R Druteikiene, B Lukšiene, S Lukoševičius .......409
On Determination of Radiocarbon Leakage from a Shallow-Land Radioactive
Waste Repository
A Gudelis, R Gvozdaitė, S Lukoševičius ................................................................415
Searching for Strontium, Americium and Plutonium Isotopes in Contaminated Soils
K Breitenecker, A Vesely, M Djuricic, R Steininger, H Bock, M Villa ...........................421
Measurement of Cd-113m in Irradiated Cadmium Shielding Using
Liquid
Scintillation
Counting
P E Warwick, I W Croudace ..................................................................................429
Determination of Beta Emitters in Materials from Research Reactor
Decommissioning
Andreas Vesely, Herbert Trombitas, Helmut Lindauer ............................................435
AUTHOR INDEX ................................................................................................443